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Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Mar. 31, 2019	May 08, 2019
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Caladrius Biosciences, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0000320017
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		10,382,232

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 14,424	$ 10,299
Marketable securities	23,946	32,754
Prepaid and other current assets	1,276	1,053
Total current assets	39,646	44,106
Property and equipment, net	148	165
Other assets	1,494	309
Total assets	41,288	44,580
Liabilities
Accounts payable	553	762
Accrued liabilities	4,548	4,857
Total current liabilities	5,101	5,619
Other long-term liabilities	1,729	1,507
Total liabilities	6,830	7,126
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock, authorized, 20,000,000 shares Series B convertible redeemable preferred stock liquidation value, 1 share of common stock, $0.01 par value; 825,000 shares designated; issued and outstanding, 10,000 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	0	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 500,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 10,393,312 and 9,865,735 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	10	10
Additional paid-in capital	437,850	436,433
Treasury stock, at cost; 11,080 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	(708)	(708)
Accumulated deficit	(402,406)	(397,977)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(18)	(32)
Total Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. stockholders' equity	34,728	37,726
Noncontrolling interests	(270)	(272)
Total stockholders' equity	34,458	37,454
Liabilities and Equity, Total	$ 41,288	$ 44,580

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, shares authorized	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock, Series B convertible redeemable preferred stock liquidation value, share of common stock	1	1
Preferred stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares designated	825,000	825,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	10,000	10,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	10,000	10,000
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	10,393,312	9,865,735
Common stock, shares, outstanding	10,393,312	9,865,735
Treasury stock (shares)	11,080	11,080

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Operating Expenses:
Research and development	$ 2,038	$ 2,262
General and administrative	2,554	2,897
Total operating expenses	4,592	5,159
Operating loss	(4,592)	(5,159)
Other income (expense):
Investment income, net	227	178
Interest expense	0	(3)
Total other income (expense), net	227	175
Net loss	(4,365)	(4,984)
Less - net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	2	(2)
Net (loss) income attributable to Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders	$ (4,367)	$ (4,982)
Basic and diluted loss per share
Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders (in usd per share)	$ (0.44)	$ (0.52)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic and diluted shares	10,027	9,557

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (4,365)	$ (4,984)
Available for sale securities - net unrealized income (loss)	14	(1)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	14	(1)
Comprehensive loss	(4,351)	(4,985)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	2	(2)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. common stockholders	$ (4,353)	$ (4,983)

- Definition

The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.

+ References

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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Total Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. Stockholders' Equity	Series B Convertible Preferred Stock Series B Convertible Preferred Stock	Common Stock	Additional Paid in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Accumulated Deficit	Treasury Stock	Non- Controlling Interest in Subsidiary
Beginning Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017			10,000	9,484,000
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 50,189	$ 50,507	$ 0	$ 9	$ 433,044	$ (28)	$ (381,810)	$ (708)	$ (318)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss	(4,984)	(4,982)					(4,982)		(2)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities	(31)	(31)				(31)
Share-based compensation (in shares)				79,000
Share-based compensation	103	103		$ 1	102
Proceeds from option exercises (in shares)				12,000
Proceeds from option exercises	40	40			40
Change in ownership in subsidiary	0	(48)			(48)				48
Ending Balance (shares) at Mar. 31, 2018			10,000	9,575,000
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	45,317	45,589	$ 0	$ 10	433,138	(59)	(386,792)	(708)	(272)
Beginning Balance (shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			10,000	9,866,000
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	37,454	37,726	$ 0	$ 10	436,433	(32)	(397,977)	(708)	(272)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Adoption of accounting standard	(62)	(62)					(62)
Net loss	(4,365)	(4,367)					(4,367)		2
Unrealized loss on marketable securities	14	14				14
Share-based compensation (in shares)				96,000
Share-based compensation	417	417			417
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock (in shares)				431,000
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock	1,000	1,000			1,000
Ending Balance (shares) at Mar. 31, 2019			10,000	10,393,000
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 34,458	$ 34,728	$ 0	$ 10	$ 437,850	$ (18)	$ (402,406)	$ (708)	$ (270)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (4,365)	$ (4,984)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Share-based compensation	547	147
Depreciation and amortization	17	87
Accretion on marketable securities	82	82
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid and other current assets	(223)	(3)
Other assets	91	90
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities	(1,635)	(1,718)
Net cash used in operating activities	(5,486)	(6,299)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of marketable securities	(16,264)	(24,144)
Sale of marketable securities	25,005	22,964
Acquisition of property and equipment	0	(9)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	8,741	(1,189)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of options	0	40
Tax withholding payments on net share settlement equity awards	(130)	(45)
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock	1,000	0
Repayment of notes payable	0	(67)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	870	(72)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	4,125	(7,560)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	10,299	34,168
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	14,424	26,608
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$ 0	$ 3

The Business	3 Months Ended
The Business	Mar. 31, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
The Business	The Business Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. (“we,” “us,” "our," “Caladrius” or the “Company”) is a late-stage therapeutics development biopharmaceutical company committed to the development of innovative products that have the potential to restore the health of people with chronic illnesses. The Company's leadership team collectively has decades of biopharmaceutical development experience and world-recognized scientific achievement in the fields of cardiovascular and autoimmune disease, among other areas. The Company's goal is to build a broad portfolio of novel and versatile products that address important unmet medical needs. The Company's current product candidates include three developmental treatments for cardiovascular diseases based on its CD34+ cell therapy platform: CLBS12, recipient of SAKIGAKE designation, in Phase 2 testing in Japan and eligible for early conditional approval in Japan for the treatment of critical limb ischemia ("CLI"); CLBS14-CMD, in Phase 2 in the U.S. for the treatment of coronary microvascular dysfunction ("CMD"); and CLBS14-NORDA, for which the Company is in discussions with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the "FDA") to finalize the Phase 3 trial protocol for no-option refractory disabling angina ("NORDA") for which it has received RMAT designation. Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology) The Company's CD34+ cell technology has led to the development of therapeutic product candidates designed to address diseases and conditions caused by ischemia. Ischemia occurs when the supply of oxygenated blood to healthy tissue is restricted. Through the administration of CD34+ cells, the Company seeks to promote the development and formation of new microvasculature and thereby increase blood flow to the impacted area. The Company believes that a number of conditions caused by underlying ischemic injury can be improved through its CD34+ cell technology, including but not limited to CLI, CMD and NORDA. Regarding CLBS12, the Company's product candidate for CLI, after detailed discussion and agreement with the Japanese Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency ("PMDA"), the Company opened a Phase 2 trial for enrollment in December 2017 and announced in March 2018 treatment of the first patient. Based on discussions with the PMDA, the Company expects that a successful outcome of this trial will make CLBS12 eligible for early conditional approval in Japan, thereby effectively making the Phase 2 trial a potential registration trial in that strategic market. The initial responses observed in the small number of subjects who have reached an endpoint in this open label study are consistent with a positive therapeutic effect and safety profile as reported by previously published clinical trials in Japan and the U.S. While these early signs are encouraging, it is clear that the final outcome of the trial will be dependent on all data from all subjects. In October 2017, the Company announced the award of a $1.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to support a clinical study of CD34+ cells in patients with CMD. This led to the initiation of development of CLBS14-CMD and enrollment of patients in the Company's ESCaPE-CMD Phase 2 proof-of-concept study at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA. The early results observed in this open label trial from the small number of subjects who have reached the 6-month (primary endpoint) follow-up visit support our expectations for CLBS14-CMD and a positive therapeutic effect and acceptable safety profile in this indication. While the final outcome of the trial will be dependent on the 6-month data from all subjects, these early observations of increased coronary flow reserve and decreased angina symptoms in treated patients are encouraging. To support a development program of CD34+ cells in the indication of NORDA, the Company acquired the rights to data and regulatory filings for a CD34+ cell therapy program for refractory angina that had been advanced to Phase 3 under the previous investigational new drug application (“IND”) holder. The Company has designated this program CLBS14-NORDA and reactivated the IND with the FDA with Caladrius as the sponsor. The Company is presently working with the FDA to finalize the design of a single registration trial for the registration of CLBS14-NORDA and is targeting the initiation of that trial in fall of 2019. Immunomodulation (Treg Technology) The Company has been developing for the last several years an innovative therapy for T1D (identified as CLBS03) that is based on a proprietary T regulatory cell platform technology for immunomodulation. CLBS03 was granted Fast Track and Orphan drug designations from the FDA for this proposed indication and was granted Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Product ("ATMP") classification from the European Medicines Agency ("EMA"). This program is based on the use of Tregs (T-regulatory cells) to treat diseases caused by imbalances in an individual's immune system. This novel approach seeks to restore immune balance by enhancing Treg number and function. Tregs are a natural part of the human immune system and regulate the activity of effector T cells, the cells that are responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and foreign antigens. When Tregs function properly, only harmful foreign materials are attacked by effector T cells. In autoimmune disease, however, it is thought that deficient Treg activity and numbers permit the effector T cells to attack the body's own beneficial cells. In the case of T1D, the beta cells in the pancreas are attacked, thereby reducing and/or eliminating over time the patient's ability to produce insulin. In 2016, the Company commenced patient enrollment in the first of two cohorts in The Sanford Project: T-Rex Study, a Phase 2a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CLBS03 in adolescents with recent onset T1D (the "T-Rex Study"). On February 13, 2019, the Company announced top line results indicating that the therapy was well-tolerated but that the study's primary endpoint of preservation of C-peptide had not been achieved. The Company further indicated that it and its collaborators are conducting a comprehensive analysis of all data from the trial (including any 2-year follow-up data to come) and will make decisions regarding further development of CLBS03 based on the results of those analyses. Additional Out-licensing Opportunities The Company's broad intellectual property portfolio of cell therapy assets includes notable programs available for out-licensing in order to continue their clinical development. These include additional indications for both its Treg product and its CD34+ cell technology. The Company's current long-term strategy focuses on advancing its therapies through development with the aim eventually to obtain market authorizations and enter commercialization, either alone or with partners, to provide treatment options to patients suffering from life-threatening medical conditions. The Company believes that it is positioned to realize potentially meaningful value increases within its own proprietary pipeline if it is successful in advancing its product candidates to their next significant development milestones. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, which are unaudited, include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of March 31, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the periods presented. The unaudited consolidated financial statements herein should be read together with the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 included in our 2018 Form 10-K. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. Estimates also affect the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The Company makes critical estimates and assumptions in determining stock-based awards values and income taxes. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and if it requires management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments in its application. Principles of Consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. and its wholly-owned and partially-owned subsidiaries and affiliates. All intercompany activities have been eliminated in consolidation.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Mar. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies In addition to the policies below, our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2018 Form 10-K. There were no changes to these policies during the three months ended March 31, 2019. Concentration of Risks We are subject to credit risk from our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. Under our investment policy, we limit amounts invested in such securities by credit rating, maturity, industry group, investment type and issuer, except for securities issued by the U.S. government. Cash is held at major banks in the United States. Therefore, the Company is not exposed to any significant concentrations of credit risk from these financial instruments. The goals of our investment policy, in order of priority, are as follows: safety and preservation of principal and diversification of risk, liquidity of investments sufficient to meet cash flow requirements, and a competitive after-tax rate of return. Share-Based Compensation The Company expenses all share-based payment awards to employees, directors, and consultants, including grants of stock options, warrants, and restricted stock, over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value of the awards. Consultant awards are remeasured each reporting period through vesting. For awards with performance-based vesting criteria, the Company estimates the probability of achievement of the performance criteria and recognizes compensation expense related to those awards expected to vest. The Company determines the fair value of option awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses both historical and current market data to estimate the fair value. This method incorporates various assumptions such as the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected dividend yield and expected life of the options or warrants. The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Income Taxes The Company recognizes (a) the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (b) deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“the Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The income tax effects of changes in tax laws are recognized in the period when enacted. The Tax Act provides for significant tax law changes and modifications with varying effective dates, which include reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, creating a territorial tax system (with a one-time mandatory repatriation tax on previously deferred foreign earnings), and allowing for immediate capital expensing of certain qualified property acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017 and before January 1, 2023. In response to the enactment of the Tax Act in late 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) to address situations where the accounting is incomplete for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act upon issuance of an entity’s financial statements for the reporting period in which the Tax Act was enacted. Under SAB 118, a company may record provisional amounts during a measurement period for specific income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting is incomplete, but a reasonable estimate can be determined, and when unable to determine a reasonable estimate for any income tax effects, report provisional amounts in the first reporting period in which a reasonable estimate can be determined. The Company continues to evaluate the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions at the end of each reporting period. The guidance requires companies to recognize in their financial statements the impact of a tax position if the position is more likely than not of being sustained if the position were to be challenged by a taxing authority. The position ascertained inherently requires judgment and estimates by management. The Company recognizes interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires that a lessee recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases. The guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and was adopted as of January 1, 2019. The Company adopted the standard using the optional transition method, with an immaterial adjustment to accumulated deficit upon adoption. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect for those periods. The Company concluded that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 was non-cash in nature, did not affect the Company's cash position, and did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements. In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, "Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting", which supersedes ASC 505-50 and expands the scope of ASC 718 to include all share-based payments arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both employees and nonemployees. For public companies, the amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than a company's adoption date of ASC 606. The Company determined that the adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on its financial statements and footnote disclosures.

Available-for-Sale-Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Abstract]

Available-for-Sale Securities

Available-for-Sale-Securities

The following table is a summary of available-for-sale securities recorded in cash and cash equivalents or marketable securities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019									December 31, 2018
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	$	25,532	$	—	$	(18	)	$	25,514	$	33,536	$	—	$	(32	)	$	33,504
Money market funds	10,607		—		—			10,607		4,314		—		—			4,314
Total	$	36,139	$	—	$	(18	)	$	36,121	$	37,850	$	—	$	(32	)	$	37,818

Estimated fair values of available-for-sale securities are generally based on prices obtained from commercial pricing services. The following table summarizes the classification of the available-for-sale securities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,175	$	5,064
Marketable securities	23,946		32,754
Total	$	36,121	$	37,818

The following table summarizes our portfolio of available-for-sale securities by contractual maturity (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Less than one year	$	36,139	$	36,121
Greater than one year	—		—
Total	$	36,139	$	36,121

Loss Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Loss Per Share

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred net losses from continuing operations and therefore no common stock equivalents were utilized in the calculation of diluted loss per share as they are anti-dilutive. At March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company excluded the following potentially dilutive securities (in thousands):



	March 31,
	2019	2018
Stock Options	1,214	1,073
Warrants	30	210
Restricted Shares	155	182
Restricted Stock Units	118	10

Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are being measured and reported are defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the principal market at the measurement date (exit price). The Company is required to classify fair value measurements in one of the following categories:

Level 1 inputs are defined as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 inputs are defined as inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 inputs are defined as unobservable inputs for the assets or liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of the fair value of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company's financial assets that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018 (in thousands).



	March 31, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Marketable securities - available for sale	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	32,754	$	—	$	32,754
	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	32,754	$	—	$	32,754

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Accrued Liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accrued Liabilities [Abstract]

Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Salaries, employee benefits and related taxes	$	908	$	1,758
Operating lease liabilities - current	396		—
CIRM upfront funding - current	2,583		2,583
Other	661		516
Total	$	4,548	$	4,857

Operating Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Operating Leases

The Company has operating leases for two offices with terms that expire in 2022 and 2023. In addition, the Company pays for facility space through a third-party manufacturing contract that contains an embedded operating lease, with an estimated expiration in 2020. The Company estimates its incremental borrowing rate, at lease commencement, to determine the present value of lease payments, since most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate of return. The Company recognizes lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For lease agreements entered into or reassessed after the adoption of Topic 842, the Company elected to account for non-lease components associated with its leases and lease components as a single lease component. Upon adoption of Topic 842 on January 1, 2019, we recognized $1.4 million of operating lease liabilities and $1.3 million of operating lease right-of-use assets for our existing operating leases in our balance sheet. As of March 31, 2019, our operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets were $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Each of our leases include options for us to extend the lease term.

Operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets were recorded in the following captions of our balance sheet were as follows (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
Right-of Use Assets:
Other assets	$	1,184
Total Right-of-Use Asset	$	1,184

Operating Lease Liabilities:
Accrued liabilities	$	396
Other long-term liabilities	868
Total Operating Lease Liabilities	$	1,264

As of March 31, 2019, the weighted average remaining lease term for our operating leases was 2.7 years, and the weighted average discount rate for our operating leases was 9.625%. Future minimum lease payments under the lease agreements as of March 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):



Years ended	Operating Leases
2019	$	428
2020	403
2021	411
2022	236
2023	27
Total lease payments	1,505
Less: Amounts representing interest	(241		)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	1,264

Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Equity Issuances

Purchase Agreement

In March 2019, the Company and Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) and a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company has the right to sell to Lincoln Park shares of the Company’s common stock having an aggregate value of up to $26.0 million, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement (the “Offering”). As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to Lincoln Park an additional 181,510 shares of common stock as commitment shares.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Lincoln Park purchased 250,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $4.00 per share, for a total gross purchase price of $1.0 million (the “Initial Purchase”) upon commencement. Thereafter, as often as every business day from and after one business day following the date of the Initial Purchase and over the 36-month term of the Purchase Agreement the Company has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion and subject to certain conditions, to direct Lincoln Park to purchase up to 100,000 shares of common stock, with such amount increasing as the closing sale price of the common stock increases; provided Lincoln Park’s obligation under any single such purchase will not exceed $2.5 million, unless the Company and Lincoln Park mutually agree to increase the maximum amount of such single purchase (each, a “Regular Purchase”). If the Company directs Lincoln Park to purchase the maximum number of shares of common stock it then may sell in a Regular Purchase, then in addition to such Regular Purchase, and subject to certain conditions and limitations in the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park in an “accelerated purchase” to purchase an additional amount of common stock that may not exceed the lesser of (i) 300% the number of shares purchased pursuant to the corresponding Regular Purchase or (ii) 30% of the total number of shares of the Company’s common stock traded during a specified period on the applicable purchase date as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Under certain circumstances and in accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the Company may direct Lincoln Park to purchase shares in multiple accelerated purchases on the same trading day.

The Company controls the timing and amount of any sales of its common stock to Lincoln Park. There is no upper limit on the price per share that Lincoln Park must pay for its common stock under the Purchase Agreement, but in no event will shares be sold to Lincoln Park on a day the closing price is less than the floor price specified in the Purchase Agreement. In all instances, the Company may not sell shares of its common stock to Lincoln Park under the purchase agreement if it would result in Lincoln Park beneficially owning more than 9.99% of its common stock.

The Purchase Agreement does not limit the Company’s ability to raise capital from other sources at the Company’s sole discretion, except that (subject to certain exceptions) the Company may not enter into any Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Purchase Agreement, including the issuance of any floating conversion rate or variable priced equity-like securities) during the 36 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time, at no cost to the Company.

Common Stock Sales Agreement

In February 2018, the Company entered into a common stock sales agreement (the "Sales Agreement") with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC ("HCW") as sales agent, in connection with an “at the market offering” under which the Company from time to time may offer and sell shares of its common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $12 million (limited to a maximum of 2,790,697 shares). Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, HCW will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices to sell the shares from time to time, based upon the Company's instructions, including any price, time or size limits specified by the Company. The Company has provided HCW with customary indemnification rights, and HCW will be entitled to a commission at a fixed commission rate equal to 3.0% of the gross proceeds per share sold. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the shares and may at any time suspend sales under the Sales Agreement or terminate the Sales Agreement. The Sales Agreement will terminate upon the sale of all of the shares under the Sales Agreement unless terminated earlier by either party as permitted under the Sales Agreement.

In August 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to the Sales Agreement to reflect that the shares will be issued pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-226319) that was declared effective in August 2018 and that replaced the Company’s previously effective shelf registration statement. In connection with the amendment, the number of shares of common stock that may be sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement was increased from an aggregate offering amount of $12 million to $25 million (limited to a maximum of 4,921,260 shares). All other provisions of the Sales Agreement remained unchanged. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company did not issue shares of common stock under the Sales Agreement. As of March 31, 2019, the Company has issued 149,041 shares of common stock under the Sales Agreement for net proceeds of $1.0 million since inception.

Stock Options and Warrants

The following table summarizes the activity for stock options and warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	Stock Options							Warrants
	Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)		Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,018,530		$	30.50	5.30	$	3.3	30,000	$	5.89	4.19	$	—

Changes during the period:
Granted	199,346		4.90					—	—
Exercised	(240	)	3.50					—	—
Forfeited	—		—					—	—
Expired	(4,002	)	8.30					—	—
Outstanding at March 31, 2019	1,213,634		$	26.40	5.85	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—
Vested at March 31, 2019 or expected to vest in the future	1,185,882		$	26.90	5.76	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—
Vested at March 31, 2019	974,249		$	31.80	4.96	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—

Restricted Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company issued restricted stock for services as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Number of restricted stock issued	123,564		127,688
Value of restricted stock issued ($ in thousands)	$	612	$	351

Restricted Stock Units

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company issued restricted stock units for services as follows ($ in thousands, except share data):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Number of restricted stock units issued	184,454		34,988
Value of restricted stock units issued	$	909	$	133

The weighted average estimated fair value of restricted stock issued for services in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $4.93 and $3.79 per share, respectively. The fair value of the restricted stock units was determined using the Company’s closing stock price on the date of issuance. The vesting terms of restricted stock unit issuances are generally one year, or upon the achievement of performance-based milestones.

Share-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Share-based Compensation [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

We utilize share-based compensation in the form of stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units. The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Research and development	$	124	$	41
General and administrative	423		106
Total share-based compensation expense	$	547	$	147

Total compensation cost related to non-vested awards not yet recognized and the weighted-average periods over which the awards were expected to be recognized at March 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):



	Stock Options		Restricted Stock
Unrecognized compensation cost	$	934	$	427
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized	2.25		0.72

Total fair value of shares vested and the weighted average estimated fair values of shares granted for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	Stock Options
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Total fair value of shares vested	$	372	$	82
Weighted average estimated fair value of shares granted	$	3.24	$	2.41

Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of stock options and warrants at the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The expected volatility is based upon historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The expected term for the options is based upon observation of actual time elapsed between date of grant and exercise of options for all employees. The expected term for the warrants is based upon the contractual term of the warrants.

Research Funding	3 Months Ended
Research Funding	Mar. 31, 2019
Research Funding [Abstract]
Research Funding	Research Funding California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Grant Award In February 2017, CIRM awarded us funds of up to $12.2 million to support the T-Rex Study. The funding is based upon the achievement of certain milestones related to the proportion of subjects enrolled in California, as well as manufacturing and development costs incurred in California. In March 2018, CIRM calculated the precise amount of the funding award as $8.6 million, based on the actual number of subjects enrolled in California. The Company received $5.7 million in initial funding in May 2017, a $1.9 million milestone payment in December 2017, and $0.3 million progress payment in March 2018, of which the total will be amortized over the estimated award period through July 2020 as a reduction to the related research and development expenses. As of March 31, 2019, $2.6 million of the funding received was recorded in accrued liabilities, representing the amount expected to be recognized over the next 12 months, and $0.9 million of the funding received was recorded in other long-term liabilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, the Company amortized and recognized $0.6 million and $0.6 million in credits, respectively to research and development related to CIRM funds received.

Income Taxes	3 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, including the net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs"), the Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize its existing deferred tax assets. Based on its assessment, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets as their future utilization remains uncertain at this time. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had approximately $225 million of Federal NOLs available to offset future taxable income expiring from 2030 through 2036. In accordance with Section 382 of the Internal Revenue code, the usage of the Company’s NOLs could be limited in the event of a change in ownership. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the period when those temporary differences become deductible. If a change of ownership did occur, there would be an annual limitation on the usage of the Company’s losses, which is available through 2036. The Company performed an analysis and determined that it has had ownership changes of greater than 50% over a 3 year testing period. The last ownership change was determined to be in 2015. Based on a market capitalization of $124.5 million and using an applicable federal rate of 2.5%, the annual limitation would be approximately $3.0 million. Post change losses from June 3, 2015 through December 31, 2016 would not be subject to 382 limitations. Additionally, the Company would be able to further increase NOL limitations by the realized built in gain on the sale of PCT in May of 2017. The Company applies the FASB’s provisions for uncertain tax positions. The Company utilizes the two-step process to determine the amount of recognized tax benefit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with certain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. As of March 31, 2019, management does not believe the Company has any material uncertain tax positions that would require it to measure and reflect the potential lack of sustainability of a position on audit in its financial statements. The Company will continue to evaluate its uncertain tax positions in future periods to determine if measurement and recognition in its financial statements is necessary. The Company does not believe there will be any material changes in its unrecognized tax positions over the next year. The Company completed the audit of its federal tax returns for the years 2012 and 2013 during the fourth quarter of 2016. The audit resulted in an adjustment to the Company's NOL carryforward. For years prior to 2014, the federal statute of limitations is closed for assessing tax. The Company’s state tax returns remain open to examination for a period of three to four years from date of filing. The Company ceased doing business in China in 2012. After 2012, the Company had no foreign tax filing obligations. The foreign returns filed for 2012 and prior are subject to examination for five years.

Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2019
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Contingencies	Contingencies Contingencies Under license agreements with third parties the Company is typically required to pay maintenance fees, make milestone payments and/or pay other fees and expenses and pay royalties upon commercialization of products. The Company also sponsors research at various academic institutions, which research agreements generally provide us with an option to license new technology discovered during the course of the sponsored research. From time to time, the Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of pending claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that the outcome of any pending claims will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or operating results.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Concentration of Risks	Concentration of Risks We are subject to credit risk from our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. Under our investment policy, we limit amounts invested in such securities by credit rating, maturity, industry group, investment type and issuer, except for securities issued by the U.S. government. Cash is held at major banks in the United States. Therefore, the Company is not exposed to any significant concentrations of credit risk from these financial instruments. The goals of our investment policy, in order of priority, are as follows: safety and preservation of principal and diversification of risk, liquidity of investments sufficient to meet cash flow requirements, and a competitive after-tax rate of return.
Share-Based Compensation	Share-Based Compensation The Company expenses all share-based payment awards to employees, directors, and consultants, including grants of stock options, warrants, and restricted stock, over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value of the awards. Consultant awards are remeasured each reporting period through vesting. For awards with performance-based vesting criteria, the Company estimates the probability of achievement of the performance criteria and recognizes compensation expense related to those awards expected to vest. The Company determines the fair value of option awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses both historical and current market data to estimate the fair value. This method incorporates various assumptions such as the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected dividend yield and expected life of the options or warrants. The fair value of the Company’s restricted stock and restricted stock units is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company recognizes (a) the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and (b) deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“the Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The income tax effects of changes in tax laws are recognized in the period when enacted. The Tax Act provides for significant tax law changes and modifications with varying effective dates, which include reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, creating a territorial tax system (with a one-time mandatory repatriation tax on previously deferred foreign earnings), and allowing for immediate capital expensing of certain qualified property acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017 and before January 1, 2023. In response to the enactment of the Tax Act in late 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) to address situations where the accounting is incomplete for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act upon issuance of an entity’s financial statements for the reporting period in which the Tax Act was enacted. Under SAB 118, a company may record provisional amounts during a measurement period for specific income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting is incomplete, but a reasonable estimate can be determined, and when unable to determine a reasonable estimate for any income tax effects, report provisional amounts in the first reporting period in which a reasonable estimate can be determined. The Company continues to evaluate the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions at the end of each reporting period. The guidance requires companies to recognize in their financial statements the impact of a tax position if the position is more likely than not of being sustained if the position were to be challenged by a taxing authority. The position ascertained inherently requires judgment and estimates by management. The Company recognizes interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncement	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires that a lessee recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases. The guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and was adopted as of January 1, 2019. The Company adopted the standard using the optional transition method, with an immaterial adjustment to accumulated deficit upon adoption. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect for those periods. The Company concluded that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 was non-cash in nature, did not affect the Company's cash position, and did not have a material impact on the Company's financial statements. In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, "Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting", which supersedes ASC 505-50 and expands the scope of ASC 718 to include all share-based payments arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both employees and nonemployees. For public companies, the amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than a company's adoption date of ASC 606. The Company determined that the adoption of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on its financial statements and footnote disclosures.

- Definition

Disclosure of accounting policy for income taxes, which may include its accounting policies for recognizing and measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances, recognizing investment tax credits, operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and other carryforwards, methodologies for determining its effective income tax rate and the characterization of interest and penalties in the financial statements.

+ References + Details

Available-for-Sale-Securities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Abstract]

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities Reconciliation

The following table is a summary of available-for-sale securities recorded in cash and cash equivalents or marketable securities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019									December 31, 2018
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
Corporate debt securities	$	25,532	$	—	$	(18	)	$	25,514	$	33,536	$	—	$	(32	)	$	33,504
Money market funds	10,607		—		—			10,607		4,314		—		—			4,314
Total	$	36,139	$	—	$	(18	)	$	36,121	$	37,850	$	—	$	(32	)	$	37,818

Schedule of Marketable Securities



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,175	$	5,064
Marketable securities	23,946		32,754
Total	$	36,121	$	37,818

Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date

The following table summarizes our portfolio of available-for-sale securities by contractual maturity (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Less than one year	$	36,139	$	36,121
Greater than one year	—		—
Total	$	36,139	$	36,121

Loss Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share

At March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company excluded the following potentially dilutive securities (in thousands):



	March 31,
	2019	2018
Stock Options	1,214	1,073
Warrants	30	210
Restricted Shares	155	182
Restricted Stock Units	118	10

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis



	March 31, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Marketable securities - available for sale	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	32,754	$	—	$	32,754
	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	23,946	$	—	$	32,754	$	—	$	32,754

Accrued Liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Accrued Liabilities [Abstract]

Schedule of Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Salaries, employee benefits and related taxes	$	908	$	1,758
Operating lease liabilities - current	396		—
CIRM upfront funding - current	2,583		2,583
Other	661		516
Total	$	4,548	$	4,857

Operating Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Operating Lease Liabilities and Right-of-Use Assets on Balance Sheet

Operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets were recorded in the following captions of our balance sheet were as follows (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
Right-of Use Assets:
Other assets	$	1,184
Total Right-of-Use Asset	$	1,184

Operating Lease Liabilities:
Accrued liabilities	$	396
Other long-term liabilities	868
Total Operating Lease Liabilities	$	1,264

Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Lease Agreements

Future minimum lease payments under the lease agreements as of March 31, 2019 were as follows (in thousands):



Years ended	Operating Leases
2019	$	428
2020	403
2021	411
2022	236
2023	27
Total lease payments	1,505
Less: Amounts representing interest	(241		)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	1,264

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

The following table summarizes the activity for stock options and warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	Stock Options							Warrants
	Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)		Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	1,018,530		$	30.50	5.30	$	3.3	30,000	$	5.89	4.19	$	—

Changes during the period:
Granted	199,346		4.90					—	—
Exercised	(240	)	3.50					—	—
Forfeited	—		—					—	—
Expired	(4,002	)	8.30					—	—
Outstanding at March 31, 2019	1,213,634		$	26.40	5.85	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—
Vested at March 31, 2019 or expected to vest in the future	1,185,882		$	26.90	5.76	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—
Vested at March 31, 2019	974,249		$	31.80	4.96	$	12.9	30,000	$	5.89	3.95	$	—

Schedule of Restricted Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company issued restricted stock for services as follows ($ in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Number of restricted stock issued	123,564		127,688
Value of restricted stock issued ($ in thousands)	$	612	$	351

Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Share-based Compensation [Abstract]

Schedule Share-based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes the components of share-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Research and development	$	124	$	41
General and administrative	423		106
Total share-based compensation expense	$	547	$	147

Schedule of Total Compensation Cost Related to Nonvested Awards



	Stock Options		Restricted Stock
Unrecognized compensation cost	$	934	$	427
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized	2.25		0.72

Schedule of Fair Value of Share-based Compensation Awards

Total fair value of shares vested and the weighted average estimated fair values of shares granted for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):



	Stock Options
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Total fair value of shares vested	$	372	$	82
Weighted average estimated fair value of shares granted	$	3.24	$	2.41

The Business - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
The Business - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	May 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2018	Oct. 31, 2017	Feb. 28, 2017
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Grants awarded		$ 8.6		$ 12.2
Funding of grant award	$ 5.7
Ischemic Repair (CD34 Cell Technology) [Member]
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items]
Grants awarded			$ 1.9

Available-for-Sale-Securities - Schedule of Available-for-Sale Securities Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	$ 36,139	$ 37,850
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(18)	(32)
Estimated Fair Value	36,121	37,818
Money Market Funds [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	10,607	4,314
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Estimated Fair Value	10,607	4,314
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Cost	25,532	33,536
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(18)	(32)
Estimated Fair Value	$ 25,514	$ 33,504

Available-for-Sale-Securities - Classification of Available-for-Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 12,175	$ 5,064
Marketable securities	23,946	32,754
Total	$ 36,121	$ 37,818

Available-for-Sale-Securities - Available-for-Sale Securities by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Amortized Cost
Less than one year	$ 36,139
Greater than one year	0
Cost	36,139	$ 37,850
Estimated Fair Value
Less than one year	36,121
Greater than one year	0
Total estimated fair value	$ 36,121	$ 37,818

Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended
Loss Per Share (Details) - shares	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Stock Option [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	1,214,000	1,073,000
Warrant [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	30,000	210,000
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	155,000	182,000

Fair Value Measurements - Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities - available for sale	$ 23,946	$ 32,754
Assets, fair value disclosure	23,946	32,754
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities - available for sale	0	0
Assets, fair value disclosure	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities - available for sale	23,946	32,754
Assets, fair value disclosure	23,946	32,754
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable securities - available for sale	0	0
Assets, fair value disclosure	$ 0	$ 0

Accrued Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accrued Liabilities [Abstract]
Salaries, employee benefits and related taxes	$ 908	$ 1,758
Operating lease liabilities - current	396	0
CIRM upfront funding - current	2,583	2,583
Other	661	516
Total accrued liabilities	$ 4,548	$ 4,857

Operating Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) office	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of offices under operating leases \| office	2
Operating lease liabilities	$ 1,264
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 1,184
Weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases (in years)	2 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted average discount rate for operating leases (percent)	9.625%
ASU No. 2016-02 - Topic 842
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease liabilities		$ 1,400
Operating lease right-of-use assets		$ 1,300

Operating Leases - Balance Sheet Presentation (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Balance Sheet Captions
Right-of-use assets	$ 1,184
Operating lease liabilities	1,264
Other Assets [Member]
Balance Sheet Captions
Right-of-use assets	1,184
Accrued Liabilities [Member]
Balance Sheet Captions
Operating lease liabilities, current	396
Other Long-Term Liabilities [Member]
Balance Sheet Captions
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	$ 868

Operating Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Finance Minimum Lease Payments
2019	$ 428
2020	403
2021	411
2022	236
2023	27
Total lease payments	1,505
Less: Amounts representing interest	241
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 1,264

Stockholders' Equity - Equity Issuances (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2018	Mar. 31, 2019	Aug. 31, 2018
H.C. Wainwright Sales Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock issued (shares)		149,041
Proceeds from issuance of stock		$ 1,000,000
Aggregate offering amount authorized per agreement	$ 12,000,000
Maximum number of shares authorized per agreement	2,790,697		4,921,260
Commission on gross proceeds due to third party (percent)	3.00%
H.C. Wainwright Sales Amended Agreement [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Aggregate offering amount authorized per agreement			$ 25,000,000

Stockholders' Equity - Stock Options and Warrants (Details)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares $ / warrant shares	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Warrants, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Warrants, Shares, Beginning of Period	30,000
Warrants Granted	0
Warrants Exercised	0
Warrants Canceled	0
Warrants Expired	0
Warrants, Shares, End of Period	30,000
Warrants Weighted Average Exercise Price [Roll Forward]
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Outstanding, Beginning of Period \| $ / warrant	5.89
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Granted \| $ / shares	$ 0.00
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Exercised \| $ / shares	0.00
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Canceled \| $ / shares	0.00
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Expired \| $ / shares	$ 0.00
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants Outstanding, End of Period \| $ / warrant	5.89
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Warrant outstanding	3 years 11 months 12 days	4 years 2 months 9 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Warrants Outstanding \| $	$ 0		$ 0
Warrants, vested and expected to vest	30,000
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Warrants vested & expected to vest \| $ / warrant	5.89
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term, Warrants Vested and Expect to Vest	3 years 11 months 12 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Warrants vested and expected to vest \| $	$ 0
Warrants, Vested. Number	30,000
Warrants, Vested, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / warrant	5.89
Warrants, Vested, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	3 years 11 months 12 days
Warrants, Vested, Aggregate Intrinsic Value \| $	$ 0
US Equity Plan [Member]
Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]
Options, Outstanding, Beginning of Period	1,018,530
Options, Grants in Period, Net of Forfeitures	199,346
Options, Exercises in Period	(240)
Options, Forfeitures in Period	0
Options, Expirations in Period	(4,002)
Options, Outstanding, End of Period	1,213,634
Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]
Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning of Period \| $ / shares	$ 30.50
Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	4.90
Options, Exercises in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	3.50
Options, Forfeitures in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	0.00
Options, Expirations in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	8.30
Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price, End of Period \| $ / shares	$ 26.40
Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	5 years 10 months 6 days	5 years 3 months 18 days
Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value \| $	$ 12,900		$ 3,300
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding, Number	1,185,882
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	$ 26.90
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	5 years 9 months 4 days
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value \| $	$ 12,900
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Exercisable, Number	974,249
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Exercisable, Weighted Average Exercise Price \| $ / shares	$ 31.80
Options, Vested, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term	4 years 11 months 16 days
Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Exercisable, Aggregate Intrinsic Value \| $	$ 12,900

Stockholders' Equity - Restricted Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Equity [Abstract]
Number of restricted stock issued	123,564	127,688
Value of restricted stock issued ($ in thousands)	$ 612	$ 351

Share-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 547	$ 147
Stock Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 934
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized	2 years 3 months
Total fair value of shares vested	$ 372	82
Weighted average estimated fair value of shares granted	$ 3.24		$ 2.41
Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 427
Expected weighted-average period in years of compensation cost to be recognized	8 months 19 days
Research and Development [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 124	41
General and Administrative [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 423	$ 106

Research Funding (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended
Research Funding (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2018	May 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018	Feb. 28, 2017
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Grants awarded	$ 8.6			$ 8.6	$ 12.2
Funding of grant award		$ 5.7
Milestone payment received on grant award			$ 1.9
Progress payment received on grant award	$ 0.3
Research and Development [Member]
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Amortization of accrued grant funding to offset expense			0.6	$ 0.6
Accrued Liabilities [Member]
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Accrued grant funding			2.6
Other Long-Term Liabilities [Member]
Deferred Revenue Arrangement [Line Items]
Accrued grant funding			$ 0.9

Income Taxes - Net Operating Loss Carry Forward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Market capitalization used in net operating loss analysis		$ 124.5
Annual limitation on usage of net operating losses	$ 3.0
Federal [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards		$ 225.0